Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT) Practice

What is the primary action of Memantine in the treatment of Alzheimer's Disease?

1. It is a serotonin reuptake inhibitor

2. It acts as an NMDA receptor antagonist

3. It promotes dopamine production

4. It enhances acetylcholine activity

The correct answer is: It acts as an NMDA receptor antagonist

Memantine primarily acts as an NMDA receptor antagonist in the treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. This mechanism is crucial because it helps regulate the activity of glutamate, a neurotransmitter that, in excess, can lead to neurotoxicity and contribute to the cognitive decline associated with Alzheimer's. By blocking the NMDA receptors, Memantine effectively reduces this harmful overstimulation, which can help protect neurons and may slow the progression of symptoms. The other options point to different types of pharmacological actions that are not the focus of Memantine. For instance, serotonin reuptake inhibitors target serotonin pathways and are more relevant to treating conditions like depression. Similarly, promoting dopamine production is primarily associated with managing disorders such as Parkinson's disease rather than Alzheimer's. Enhancing acetylcholine activity is a mechanism seen in other Alzheimer's treatments like cholinesterase inhibitors, but Memantine operates through a distinct pathway that is vital for addressing the disease's specific neurological challenges.